• The aim of this study was to determine the role of cleistogamy (closed flowering) in avoiding high temperature-induced sterility.
• The cleistogamous rice plants showed a higher fertility percentage and a larger number of germinated pollen grains on a stigma than the chasmogamous rice plants at 38°C for 4 h at flowering.
• The temperature inside the closed flowering spikelets was 1.8°C lower than that outside the spikelets.

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• N uptake and yield were decreased by decreasing soil moisture contents to 70% of saturation in no-tillage cultivation.
• Soil moisture mainly affected fertilizer N uptake, but hardly affected soil indigenous N uptake.
• Soil content of around 85% was proposed as a suitable condition without a large reduction in the yield and N use.

Abstract Full Text PDF[1202K]

• QTLs for the shoot and culm length were detected on the same region of chromosome 1 including SD1.
• Other QTLs for the shoot length but had no effect on the culm were detected on chromosomes 3 and 8.
• A novel QTL for the chlorophyll content was detected on chromosome 1.

Abstract Full Text PDF[1078K]

• Cd concentration of wheat grain was higher with NH₄Cl fertilizer than with (NH₄)₂SO₄ or urea.
• Grain Cd in wheat topdressed with NH₄Cl was 0.22 mg kg^-1, 1.5 times higher than that with urea.
• We recommend the use of (NH₄)₂SO₄ or urea in place of NH₄Cl as the nitrogen fertilizer.

Abstract Full Text PDF[1065K]

• Seeds of all 6 cultivars hardly germinated under an oxygen concentration of 20 mL L^-1, but germinated with increasing oxygen concentration regardless of temperature.
• Seven days after termination of 3-d hypoxia treatment at 30°C, the percentage of seedlings with root hairs and/or lateral roots relative to that after ambient oxygen treatment was maintained in ‘Peking’ but decreased in the other cultivars, especially in ‘Nakasennari’.
• Pre-germination flooding-tolerant cultivar, especially ‘Peking’, is characterized by a delay in germination processes under hypoxia, and exhibits vigorous germination after release from hypoxia.

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• SA-induced cell death was campaigned by decreases of eATP, iATP and respiratory rate.
• AMP-PCP, an inhibtor of eATP receptor, also induced cell death.
• Exogenous ATP partially alleviated the cell death induced by SA.

Abstract Full Text PDF[897K]

• Effect of seed coating on soybean seedling establishment after flood condition was investigated.
• Seed coating with molybdenum compounds improved seedling establishments after flood condition.
• In soybean, seed coating with molybdenum compounds could improve the flooding damage after sowing.

Abstract Full Text PDF[745K]

• We investigated the effects of developmental traits on the severity of green stem disorder (GSD) in soybean.
• The genetic factor influencing the severity of GSD was detected around the stem determination locus (Dt1), but it was uncertain whether the responsible gene was the stem determination gene itself.
• The genetic factor around the Dt1 locus seemed to interact with earliness of flowering in relation to the severity of GSD.

Abstract Full Text PDF[1492K]

• We examined δ¹⁵N values of rice and soil in organic farming and conventional farming.
• Regression line was obtained between δ¹⁵N values of rice and soil without N source application.
• That regression line can aid in discriminating organic rice from conventional rice.

Abstract Full Text PDF[851K]

• Weed density was higher in maize than in soybean within the row, but it was higher in soybean between the rows.
• The difference in ground cover was one of the reasons causing the difference in weed density between the two main crops.
• Cover crops could not decrease sufficiently the high weed density within the row of maize.

Abstract Full Text PDF[894K]

• Soybean seed weight significantly increased by the application of nodule bacteria on biochar for three successive years.
• Nitrogen fixation activities significantly increased in the soybean plants grown on the soil collected from the subsoil to which the biochar had been applied.
• Thus, the crack fertilization technique leads to yield enhancement when nodule bacteria on biochar are continuously applied.

Abstract Full Text PDF[1047K]

• In sago palm, the horizontal stem elongation stops at around 6.5 years after transplantation of sucker and the stem growth curve shows a sigmoidal curve.
• The stem growth stage of a transplanted sucker is divisible into three stages based on its elongation direction: the creeping growth stage, the trunk formation stage, and the trunk elongation stage.
• The creeping growth stage is an important period because the standing positions of trunks are determined.

Abstract Full Text PDF[5131K]

• The Lignin synthesis is closely related to the lodging resistance of culm in buckwheat.
• Increasing nitrogen fertilizer will decrease the lignin content and its related enzymes activities.
• Increasing planting density will decrease the lignin content and its related enzymes activities.
• Increasing nitrogen fertilizer and planting density will increase the risk of culm in buckwheat.

Abstract Full Text PDF[626K]

• 10 GSR genotypes were studied at partial (PWC) and moderate weed control (MWC) in dry-seeded rice.
• In PWC plots, the IR83140-B11-B performed well, resulting in 2850 and 4610 kg ha^-1 in two seasons.
• The yield loss of this genotype in PWC relative to MWC was only 10-21% in different seasons.
• Results showed positive correlation between grain yield and leaf area at early stage of the crop.
• Genotypes with greater leaf area need to be integrated with other weed control methods in rice.

Abstract Full Text PDF[690K]

• Two breeding lines derived from crosses between Japanese and Polish cultivars, Tokei 1067 (T1067) and Toiku 251 (T251), had a significantly earlier maturing time than Yukihomare (YH).
• The seed yield of T251 was similar to that of YH.
• The chilling tolerance levels of the T1067 and T251 lines at the flowering stage were greater than the tolerance level of YH.

Abstract Full Text PDF[778K]